Author: Michelle Ashton

As a bonus, working in Europe gives you even more opportunities to explore many of the unique countries across the continent and immerse yourself in many differing ways of life.  The countries within this region vary in different sizes, cultures, languages, and climates. These countries include:

While the job market situation is not the same in all of Europe, many countries want to attract international graduate talent, so facilitate the integration of non-EU and EEA graduates into the local labour market. A grasp of the language of the country you are wanting to work in is not always required, but would always be beneficial for your job search and daily life.

Working visa requirements

If you are already from a country which is a member of the European Union (EU) or part of the European Economic Area (EEA), generally you can work in any of the other member countries. In addition, thanks to free movement specified within the policies of Schengen Area Countries, citizens of these countries are able to stay and travel in the territories of Schengen states for a maximum of 90 days in any six month period.

However if you are from outside of the EU (including the UK) you are highly likely to need a visa to work and live in Europe. In most cases, you’ll need a job offer from your chosen country to be able to get a visa to move there. The duration of your work visa depends on the country that issues the visa, however most last for 12 months and can be extended further.

We have provided further detail on the most common countries in Europe for graduates to travel to. However, it is advisable to visit the Embassy website of the country you are wishing to travel to, to confirm and apply for the relevant visa. Read the instructions, processes, and requirements fully before accepting a job.

EU Blue Card:

An EU Blue Card is a residence permit for qualified non-EU foreign nationals to work in an EU country and is a common visa option for a lot of European countries. It allows you to stay in the country that has issued it for employment. It is used by many of the countries within the EEA and by holding an EU Blue Card you are entitled to freedom of movement within the EU to work in your designated sector. After 18 months of regular employment under the EU Blue Card, you can move to another EU member state which are part of this programme to take up employment.

The application process for an EU Blue Card differs from one EU country to another, so it is important to investigate what the process is for the country you wish to work in. Find out more about the EU Blue Card at VisaGuide.World

Austria:

With a strong economy, good scores in quality of life studies and a reputation for high culture, Austria is an attractive prospect for graduates. While English is widely spoken, German is Austria’s official language, so you’ll need it to succeed in the workplace. It will always be easier to find work In Austria in an area where they are experiencing a skills shortage. Those outside the EU will need a visa to work in Austria. However, if you’re a EU or (EEA) citizen, you probably won’t need a work permit or visa. If you are coming from Croatia, you may face restrictions. There are a number of types available:

• The EU Blue card 
• The Red-White-Red card: A points-based immigration system that enables you to work for up to 12 months if you are: highly qualified, a skilled worker in an occupation facing shortages, a self-employed key worker.
• The Jobseeker visa: Allows highly-qualified non-EU citizens to look for work in Austria for a period of six months.

Contact your local Austrian embassy or consulate to find out more about visa requirements. Find out more about working in Austria at PROSPECTS.

• Visit migration.gv.at – Austria-wide shortage occupations for a full list of Austria’s skills shortage areas.
• Explore GOV.UK Travel to Austria for work.

Denmark:

Denmark attracts many graduates with its generous salaries and holiday allowance, and a lifestyle that champions work-life balance like no other. Employers will tend to prefer Danish candidates to those from abroad, but there are ways to improve your chances of success. For example, Denmark, like much of Europe, is facing a shortage expertise in certain fields, showing you can fill these gaps may make you a desirable candidate. Knowledge of Danish will also improve your chances of getting hired.

If you are an EU, EEA, or Swiss citizen, you do not need a residence or work permit to enter Denmark and look for work. If you are a citizen of the UK, EEA, Switzerland or any other non-EU country and are planning to live and work in Denmark, you will need to apply for the appropriate residency permit. As part of your application, you will need to provide a written contract of employment or evidence of your job offer. Find out more about working in Denmark at PROSPECTS.

France:

Renowned for its luxury goods, fashion and cosmetics industries, France offers a high standard of living, beautiful scenery and good career opportunities for UK graduates – especially if they a speak French. With work/life balances protected in many ways, France is high on the list of desirable countries for graduates seeking employment, so there is tough competition for jobs.

EU citizens do not need a visa or residence permit to visit, live or work in France. If you are not an EU national you will need a ‘French Long-Stay Work Visa‘, which is managed by your employer. This means you need to have a job confirmed in the country before you can apply. You’ll also need to apply for a residence permit, valid for up to 5 years within 3 months of your arrival in France. There are different categories of the French Long-Stay Work Visa, You will need to research which one is most appropriate for you:

• French Salaried Employees Visa
• French Work Visa for Creating and running a business or company
• French Work Visa for Professionals and independent workers
• French long stay Sports visa
• French long stay visa for Volunteer work
• French International Organization work visa

Find out more about working in France at PROSPECTS.

Germany:

Germany has many attractive career opportunities available, making it one of the most popular destinations in Europe for job seekers. As with other EU countries, EU citizens and those from the EEA, you have the same access to the German job market as German nationals. You just need to register your residence at your local registration office within 3 months of your arrival.

Coming from all other countries, including the UK, it’s likely you’ll need to obtain a visa and/or residence permit to move to Germany. The most common visa for this would be the Germany D Visa, and there are a variety of the German Long Stay D Visa:

• Germany Researcher visa for international scholars and researchers who will participate in a scientific event in Germany.
• Germany Employment Visa for persons that have a job offer in Germany and can be used to work on a paid job.
• Germany Job Seeker Visa for those seeking attractive job opportunities in Germany but do not have a job offer yet.
• Germany Freelancer Visa for foreign freelancers of different fields to enter Germany and work there as a Freelancer.
• Germany Business visa – to attend meetings and other business related events.

Germany also uses the EU Blue Card, but you can find out more about their other visas and the entry requirements at the Federal Foreign Office – Visa. If your visa is granted, upon arrival in Germany you will have to get a German residence permit. Find out more about working in Germany at PROSPECTS.

• Follow the step-by-step guide to working in Germany at deutschland.de.

Ireland:

Ireland has become and increasingly popular destination for graduates, especially since BREXIT. Ireland has one of the highest standards of living in Europe and a large number of multinational companies have European headquarters in the country, providing a wealth of opportunities.

There is a lot of competition for jobs as UK, EU, EEA and Swiss nationals are entitled to work in Ireland without an employment permit. In general work will be easier to come by in major towns and cities such as Cork, Dublin and Galway. If you are a non-EU citizen you may need a visa to work in the country. You should apply for this online before you enter the country at the Irish Nationalisation and Immigration Service (INIS). There are nine different types of permit including a general permit and a critical skills permit. Find out more about working in Ireland at PROSPECTS.

• For more information on work visas and employment permits see Citizens information – Coming to work in Ireland.

Italy:

Textiles and fashion remain core industries for Italy, making it a popular destination for fashion graduates globally. Contacts and connections play a very important part in gaining employment, but you’ll also need a strong application and grasp of the language to succeed in the job market. English may be used for business, but you’ll need fluent Italian to work in most sectors. Graduates are more likely to find work in large northern towns and cities such as Milan, Turin and Genoa.

If you’re an EU citizen, or come from Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you won’t require a permit to work in Italy. However, to remain in the country for longer than 90 days, you’ll need to apply for residency. For non- EU citizens, you can travel and stay in Italy visa-free, but for long-term work, you will need a visa, residence and work permit to live and work in the country.

There are different types of visa available depending on the purpose of your stay, but it is most likely you would need a form of the ‘Long-Stay Visa’ (also known as a D-Visa or a National Visa). The most relevant types of Italian long-stay visas are:

• The Italy Work Visa – available to foreign nationals who want to move to Italy to engage in salaried work. You already need to have a job in Italy before you can apply.
• The Italy Self-Employed Visa – which is available to entrepreneurs who wish to open a business or self-employed individuals wanting to work in Italy.
• The Italy Working Holiday Visa – which is a type of visa available only to nationals aged 18-30 from countries who are part of a working holiday program along with Italy.

Find out more about working in Italy at PROSPECTS.

The Netherlands:

The Netherlands is one of the richest countries in the world and offers a variety of job opportunities within the many large companies you use the country as their headquarters. This makes The Netherlands an attractive base for international businesses across many sectors, and an interesting place for graduates to explore employment.

If you are unable to transfer roles to work in the Netherlands from another branch of a multi-national company, you may need to take on a temporary roles or one-year contracts before an offer of permanent employment is made. To get a job you’ll need general Dutch work permission, but for non-EU/EEA nationals, it’s likely you’ll only be hired if there are no national candidates to fill the position.

You may be able to do business-related activities without a visa if you’re only there for 90 days in an 180-day period. The procedure varies depending on whether you’re an employee, self-employed or highly skilled. If you want to remain in the Netherlands for more than 90 days, even if you are exempt from a visa, you will need to apply for a long-stay visa, also known as the MVV visa:

• Netherlands Work visa or Dutch work permit which allows someone to live and work in the Netherlands without being a resident.
• Netherlands visa for Au Pairs allows the holder to stay in the country for up to one year and perfom light chores for a household.
• The Netherlands working holiday visas allow youngsters from certain countries to live and work in the Netherlands for up to one year.
• The Netherlands Startup and Self Employment visa allows people to go to the Netherlands and start a business.

Once registered you’ll be issued with a Citizen Service Number (BSN), which you’ll need to perform tasks such as opening a Dutch bank account and paying taxes. Find out more about working in the Netherlands at PROSPECTS.

Norway:

Norway has a thriving economy and a low unemployment rate but international workers can sometimes struggle to find employment. Norwegian employers are often reluctant to hire international workers, preferring to give jobs to able nationals. While Norway isn’t a member of the European Union (EU), it is a member of the European Economic Area (EEA) and a Schengen listed country – so you can travel there for up to 90 days in any 180-day period without a visa. All EU/EEA citizens are allowed to live and work in Norway without a visa for 3 months, but need to register with the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) to stay longer.

However all nationals from all other countries need to apply for a Norway Work Visa to live and work in Norway. Although it is called a Work “Visa”, what you are actually applying for is a Norwegian Residence Permit for Work, which allows you to live and work in Norway legally. There are different types of permit depending on your circumstances and the type of work you will be doing, so check with the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) before applying. The main types of working visas for Norway are:

• Norway Work Visa. This is a long-term visa. You have to apply for this visa if you have found employment with a Norwegian company.
• Norway Digital Nomad Visa. This is a long term visa issued to freelancers who want to work remotely while living in Svalbard.

Find out more about working in Norway at PROSPECTS.

Poland:

Poland has a thriving economy and its workers enjoy a good work-life balance. There are plenty of jobs available for foreigners who are considering Poland as a work destination. If you’re a citizen of a country within the EU, you can move to Poland and work without needing a work permit. If you are there more than 3 months, you will need to get a temporary residence permit, which lasts for up to three years. If you are a non-EU citizen you will need a work permit, which will usually need an official employment offer from a Polish company. Find out more about working in Poland at PROSPECTS.

Portugal:

Competition for graduate jobs in Portugal is fierce – especially in major cities such as Lisbon and Porto. If you learn Portuguese, even more opportunities will open up for you, setting you apart from other candidates. With such strong competition for jobs, EU and EEA nationals should start looking for work as early as possible. If you’re from outside the EU, you’ll need to look for and secure a job before moving to the country. Find out more about working in Portugal at PROSPECTS.

All non-EU/EEA citizens (including UK nationals) need a long-stay visa, also known as a Portugal National Visa, to stay in Portugal for more than 90 days in any 180-day period. The visas are long-term visas, which lead to residency in Portugal. Non-EU nationals can only secure a residence permit if they have a formal offer of employment from a Portuguese employer. The main types of Portuguese National Visas relevant to graduates want to work in the country are:

• Portugal Work Visa. This type of visa is issued for non-EU nationals who have found employment with a Portuguese company. Usually, in a skilled position.
• Portugal passive income visa. This type of visa if issued to freelancers who want to work for a foreign employer while in Portugal.

Visit the Consulate General of Portugal in London to find out more about types of visas and where to apply.

Spain:

Spain is one of the most popular destinations for UK graduates wanting to work abroad, so it can be tough to compete for the graduate jobs available. Securing work in the country can be a challenge as you’ll be competing against Spanish graduates for jobs, so it is advisable to learn Spanish.

Citizens from countries in the EU and Iceland, Norway and Switzerland are entitled to live and work in Spain without a visa or work permit. However, if you are planning to stay for more than 3 months, you need to register in person for a residence certificate. As Spain is included in the countries in the Schengen Area UK nationals can travel in Spain for up to 90 days in any 180-day period without a visa. You can attend business meetings, seminars, conference or trade shows or meet clients, but you must not receive payment from a Spanish company for these activities or it may be classed as work.

If non-EU/EEA nationals plan to work in Spain, or stay for more than 3 months, you must apply for a long-stay visa and work permit. There are different types of Spanish work visa depending on the kind of work you do and the length of your employment:

• Spain Work Visa. All qualifying persons who wish to work in Spain must apply for this visa.
• Spain Au Pair Visa. You can apply for this visa if you will be working for a family in Spain, under certain conditions.
• Spain Entrepreneur Visa. This is a visa for entrepreneurs who wish to invest in Spain.
• EU Blue card.

Find out more about working in Spain at PROSPECTS.

Sweden:

Sweden is known as one of the world’s most innovative nations. Graduates may find good job opportunities in Sweden’s thriving tech and manufacturing businesses. If you are able to get employment here, the Scandinavian country offers a high standard of living, with subsidised public services and a generous holiday allowance. However, many employers require you to have a working knowledge of the country’s official language.

EU passport holders do not need work permits or residence permits to enter Sweden to work. However, if you’re planning to stay for a year or more you need to visit an office of the Swedish Tax Agency to provide notification that you have moved to Sweden. If you’re from outside the EU, you’ll need to apply for a work permit prior to your arrival. To apply for a work permit, among other requirements, you’ll need to have received an official offer of employment from a Swedish employer.

There is also a one-year working holiday visa scheme for citizens of the following countries who are aged between 18 and 30: Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, New Zealand and South Korea. Find out more about working in Sweden at PROSPECTS.

• For more information on what you’ll need to submit as part of your application, see Sweden.se – Obtaining a work permit.
• You can check current waiting times for application processing with the Swedish Migration Agency, although you should apply as early as you can to allow for delays.

Switzerland:

Switzerland has a high demand for specialist workers, and your decision to work there will reward you with high wages and low taxes. Many foreign workers, especially highly-skilled ones, successfully find work in Switzerland, the relatively small labour market it can be difficult for foreign graduates.

If you are from a country in the EU or European Free Trade Association (EFTA) you can come to Switzerland without a visa, look for work for up to 90 days, and start work without the need for a work permit. After 90 days they need to register for a residence permit. There are strict quotas for citizens from other countries seeking jobs in Switzerland, and employers have to apply for work permits on their behalf.

If you are a non-EU/EFTA citizen (including UK nationals) and plan to work in Switzerland, or stay for more than three months, you must apply for the correct visa and work permit. The Swiss work visa is one of the types of the Switzerland long-stay visas (also known as national or D-visa). It allows the holder to work in Switzerland for the duration that the visa is issued. Citizens of most countries have to apply for a long-stay visa for Switzerland, although some, including the Schengen countries, are exempt. As a non-EU/EFTA citizen, you are eligible to apply for a Switzerland work visa if you meet the following conditions:

• You are a skilled and qualified worker (manager, specialist) and you have a university degree, several years of work experience, and specific expertise.
• You already have a job waiting for you.
• There is no EU/EFTA citizen who could take the job instead.
• Accounting records, if you intend to become self-employed.
• The annual quotas for Swiss work visas allow it.

If you meet those requirements, and your employer is applying for your residence permit, then you can apply for your Switzerland work visa. Find out more about working in Switzerland at PROSPECTS.

Embassy websites:

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Provides advice on risks of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for countries in Europe, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the relevant Embassies, High Commissions or Consulates.

Job searching links

As with anywhere in the world, it is often easiest to find work in European countries through a secondment or permanent transfer with a company you already work for, particularly if their head office is based in the EU. However, if you are looking for a job the application process in many European countries is very similar to in the UK. Always research the company you’re applying to and tailor your CV and cover letter to suit the organisation, demonstrating a keen interest in the company and your relevant work experience will help you to stand out. Many companies in Europe also use psychometric or technical testing, assessment centres, phone and video interviews for screening.

• For certain countries, you should be prepared to produce your application and relevant documents in both English and the language of the country you are applying too.

Countries across the EU also heavily use social media tools, particularly LinkedIn. Building connections and showcasing your profile can increase your chances of finding employment. A polished online presence can make a significant difference in your job search. European employers often look favourably on speculative applications and networking, so be proactive and contact the companies you’d like to work for directly.

Recruitment Agencies:

• G&M Fashion Careers
• Beyond Talent Recruitment
• Asempleo
• Prism’emploi 
• Adecco
• Micheal Page
• Hays
• SPARK
• Major Players
• DRAW Recruitment
• Luxe Talent
• Nigel Wright Group

Job boards and networking sites:

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• H&M (clothing retail)
• Spotify (entertainment; music, podcast and video streaming)
• Inditex (clothes/shoes retailer)
• Chanel (fashion)
• L’Oreal (cosmetics)
• LVMH (luxury goods conglomerate – brands include Louis Vuitton and Christian Dior)
• Adidas
• Hugo Boss
• Zalando
• Bestseller
• Retail Mind Group – Works with brands like Terra Nova, Vera Moda, Jack&Jones, ESprit and the United Colours of Benetton across Europe.
• Authentic Brands Group – Has a portfolio of world-renowned brands like Quiksilver, Billabong, Roxy, Ted Baker, Sports Illustrated and Nautica.

Useful links

• European Union website
• EU Immigration Portal
• Europass – online tools for managing a career in Europe.
• European Youth Portal – links to resources about working, volunteering and studying within Europe. Some opportunities will only be open to EU citizens.
• Chambers of Commerce International Network – search for Chambers of Commerce between the UK and other countries. They often include jobs and lists of member organisations on their website.

African countries often prioritise hiring native citizens, but often encourages international applicants who possess high-level skills. Foreign graduates may discover that their expertise is vital to the advancement of a variety of fields. They have also been known to encourage foreign workers to establish their businesses, especially when such ventures could attract foreign investments or create employment opportunities for local citizens.

In Africa, the challenge of skills shortages across various sectors poses a barrier to economic growth and development. While there is a growing population of middle-skilled individuals across the continent, there is a significant shortage of specific, experienced, technical skills. According to the Critical Skills List 2023, workers are needed in the following roles:

• management consultant
• multimedia specialist
• software developer
• university lecturer
• web designer

You must plan thoroughly before deciding to visit any African country as the cultures can be significantly different to the UK and some areas of Africa are classed as unsafe. Find out more about working in Africa on PROSPECTS.

Working visa requirements

If you are planning to work in Africa, it is essential to obtain a visa or permit. Each African country has specific requirements for issuing a visa and work permit. Depending on your nationality, the duration of stay and even the industry, you will be subject to different requirements, complexities and applicable legislation.

You may find it easier to obtain visas for some countries than others. Some countries have even implemented measures to ensure a balance between foreign employees and citizens. It is advisable that you secure employment before relocating to ensure that you can obtain a work visa, despite the availability of job opportunities in various shortage areas.

We have provided further detail on the most common countries in Africa for graduates to travel to. However, it is advisable to visit the Embassy website of the country you are wishing to travel to, to confirm and apply for the relevant visa. Read the instructions, instruction, processes, and requirements fully before accepting a job.

Algeria:

In Algeria, work permits are only available for roles which cannot be filled by Algerian nationals. You must also have a minimum of a ‘technical level of qualification’ to be hired. Following recruitment your employer must make a declaration to the authorities within 48 hours and present any documents, which give them the right to hire foreigners. When your contract ends, your employer must also inform the authorities that you have left.

Angola:

You need a work visa to work in Angola, which would allow you multiple entries into Angola and to remain in Angola until your work contract expires. The work visa would allow you to work in Angola for a period of 12 months, which can be prolonged for equal periods, up until the end of your work contract. Once you have worked in Angola for a minimum of five years, you are entitled to apply for a residence visa. The residence visa entitles you to carry on a paid job.

Botswana:

To live and work here you must make two separate applications, one for a residence permit and another for a work permit. It is common for both applications to be submitted simultaneously. There are no special permits for individuals who possess scarce skills but individuals possessing scarce skills obtain more points in the visa evaluation process.

Burundi:

In Burundi, you are able to enter the country for three months (for business or touristic purposes) by obtaining an ordinary entry visa. Once in the country, if you want to live and work in Burundi, you will have to apply for a visa d’etablissement. You would be required to obtain an invitation authenticated by the Immigration Office in Burundi or by the Ministry of External Relations and International Cooperation, which forms part of the visa application.

Egypt:

To work in Egypt you will require an entry visa, a residence permit and a work permit. Your new employer must submit a comprehensive formal request to the Ministry of Manpower and Immigration. The maximum percentage of foreigners that may be employed by corporate entities in Egypt is approximately 10%. You may also be prohibited from working in certain professions

Ghana:

To live an work in Ghana you will need to be issued a work permit or an immigration quota permit. You will not automatically qualify for a residence permit, you will need to apply for this separately and have it approved by the Director of Immigration. A foreign national granted a work permit or immigrant quota work permit must also submit an annual return.

Kenya:

You will need to first find employment to obtain work permits to live and work in Kenya. If you intend to remain in Kenya for work or business purposes for a short period of time, you can obtain a special pass. A special pass is issued to people who intend to engage in any form of employment (whether paid or unpaid) or in any other income generating activity, and is valid for a period not exceeding three months.

Nigeria:

To live and work in Nigeria on a long-term basis, working visas are connected to job offers and the company employing you. Your employer is required to follow a particular process before you can apply for a work visa. If you are looking to travel to Nigeria on a short-term basis you will need either:

• Temporary Work Permit
• Business Visitor’s Visa

Work permits and residence permits do not apply to nationals of member states of the Economic Community of West African States (ECWAS). They can work, reside and undertake commercial and industrial activities within Nigeria.

South Africa:

To work in South Africa you must obtain a work visa. The Immigration Act 2002 and its regulations provide for different types of work visas, depending on the circumstances surrounding your entry into South Africa. There are four categories of work visas allowing foreign candidates to work in the country:

• General work – the most common type of visa, you’ll need to submit a signed permanent contract of employment.
• Critical skills – for workers in professions the South African government deem to be critical.
• Intra-company transfer (ICT) – if you’ve worked for a multinational company in your home country for a minimum of six months, you can apply to relocate to its South African branch.
• Corporate visa – you’ll need this if you’re planning to start a business in South Africa.

You can take an assessment to determine which visa you’ll need at Work Visa South Africa. You must possess all the required visa documents while boarding your flight to South Africa, otherwise you may be denied entry. Find out more about working in South Africa at PROSPECTS.

Embassy websites:

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for countries in Africa, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the relevant Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Job searching links

Most often in Africa, job openings are advertised nationally and international workers will only be considered for a role if there are no qualified African citizens available for the job. Most foreign workers find work before arriving in the country. Multinational corporations with a presence in Africa are the primary employers for foreign professionals. If you work for a multinational company, you may have the opportunity to work in Africa through a placement or secondment with your current employer. Directly reaching out to these companies increases your chances of landing a position in Africa.

Recruitment Agencies:

• Kaleta
• Relocation Africa
• Fashion and Retail Personnel
• Traut Personnel
• Beyond Talent Recruitment

Job boards, newspapers and networking sites:

• Africa Job Board
• Careers In Africa
• Executive Placements
• Jobberman – for jobs in Nigeria
• JobnetAfrica
• Michael Page – Africa
• NGO Jobs In Africa
• Rekrute.com (in French)
• CareerJet
• IOL.co.za
• MyJobMag
• Pnet.co.za
• Mail & Guardian online
• Times Live

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Deloitte
• L’Oreal
• Samsung
• Apple
• Mercure International – Representing brands like Tommy Hilfiger, Levis, PUMA and Hugo Boss across Africa.
• Teyliom Group
• Lux Afrique Boutique – An online luxury boutique representing brands like Balenciaga, Bottega Venetta, Charlotte Tilbury, Dior, Tom Ford, Vera Wang and many more across Africa.
• Foschini Group Ltd with TFG Africa Retail – Franchise agreements including JD Sports, Fabiani, American Swiss, Hobbs, Sneaker Factory and Whistles.

Useful links

• Visit GOV.UK – Foreign travel advice to find up-to-date information for travelling to your chosen country.

With the third largest economy, working in one of Japan’s growing industry sectors could get your career off to a strong start. The Japanese government run several initiatives to attract and retain foreign workers, but you will always need a visa to live and work there. There is a strong emphasis on group harmony and cooperation in Japanese workplaces.

Whilst your working environment will depend on the industry and company, this aspect of Japanese culture and custom that might affect you wherever you work. Open plan offices are normal and many companies encourage professional discussions during work. You will likely need to have a strong grasp of Japanese before applying for work, but there are also many opportunities to take language courses once you arrive.

Find out more about working in Japan at PROSPECTS.

Working visa requirements

As a non-native citizen looking to work in Japan you will need a visa. However, the type of working visa you need depends on the length of your stay and the nature of the employment you’ll be undertaking. You will likely need an employer secured with a permanent or fixed-term position, so you can apply for a highly skilled professional working visa.

Before you can put forward a visa application, you’re expected to obtain a Certificate of Eligibility, issued by Japan’s Ministry of Justice. Your sponsor (employer) should contact their local immigration office and make the application on your behalf. Only with a Certificate of Eligibility can you apply for a work or long-term stay visa through your country’s Japanese embassy.

The categories covered by the highly skilled professional working visa include:

• artist – photographer, artist, sculptor.
• business manager – director, owner.
• engineer/specialist in humanities/international services – copywriter, designer, foreign language teacher, IT engineer.
• instructor – high school teacher.
• intra-company transferee – worker from a global company with a Japanese branch.
• journalist – editor, cameraperson, newspaper journalist.
• professor – university professor or assistant.
• researcher – investigator, institute researcher.

If you are unsuccessful in your job search, there are organisations available to help you find temporary work and secure a one-year working holiday visa in Japan.

• Find out if you are eligible for BUNAC’s Work Japan programme, which can support you to work in Japan for up to 12 months. The program provides support in converting your CV into Japanese and finding a job, as well as the opportunity to learn Japanese.

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Provides advice on risks of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for countries in Japan, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the relevant Embassies, High Commissions or Consulates.

Job searching links

As with many places, it is easiest to find a job in Japan if you can secure a secondment from a company in your own country. However you can apply for job online or through recruitment agencies. Please be aware that to apply for jobs, your CV should ideally be translated into Japanese and may require a different format than you may be used to. Job interviews in Japan are strict, and formal and follow set protocols. It’s therefore important to be aware of what’s expected:

• you must dress conservatively and formally
• you knock on the door three times before entering the room and shouldn’t sit down until you’re told to
• you may be expected to bow before sitting down
• a candidate’s personality is often viewed just as highly as their skills and qualifications
• the interview could last for an hour to an hour-and-a-half
• it’s possible you’ll be questioned by  a large panel of native Japanese speakers.

Useful contacts:

• Embassy of Japan in the UK

Recruitment Agencies:

• Cecilio
• Envisoin
• Hays Japan
• HirePlanner
• Michael Page
• Morgan McKinley
• ReachExt
• RGF – RGF also offers RGF Executive Search for bilingual executive search and recruiting services.
• Robert Half
• Robert Walters
• Specialized Group

Job boards and networking sites:

• CareerCross
• Daijob.com
• GaijinPot Jobs
• Glassdoor – English-speaking jobs in Japan
• Jobs In Japan
• Tokyo Connections
• WeXpats Jobs
• Jobs in Japan – lists jobs in Japan and provides information about Japanese companies. You can also look at their blog, which includes careers advice articles.
• GaijinPot Jobs – posts jobs which can be applied for overseas (including from the UK) and those which ‘accept any level of Japanese’.
• CareerCross – has job listings in Japan for bilingual (Japanese and English) speakers, as well as information for non-Japanese people living and working in the country.
• TEFL – includes job vacancies for those looking to teach English in Japan.
• BUNAC – its Work Japan programme provides employment opportunities which last up to a year and organises activities like language lessons for you to attend while you’re in Japan.

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• UNIQLO and Holding Company Fast Retailing Co., Ltd (who own brands including J Brand, Comptoir des Cotonniers, GU, Princesse Tam-Tam, and Theory.
• Eclat Media Group – Sports and entertainment industry.
• World Co., Ltd.
• Sungjoo Group – Import and Export Global fashion business with offices in Singapore.
• Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail Ltd – Forever21, Louis Philippe, Van Heusen, Reebok, Galeries Lafyette, India Pantaloon, Hackett London, American Eagle and Christian Louboutin.
• Bluebell Group – Omni-brand curator, operator and distributor. Partner of choice across Asia for luxury, premium and lifestyle brands.
• Vogue Japan
• The Far East Film Festival
• L’OREAL APAC
• IBM Japan – Research and development focus, based in Tokyo.
• Issey Miyake

However, like with most countries employers consider Canadian natives before foreign workers. The Canadian shortage occupations list could be your key to finding jobs in Canada for UK citizens, but you’ll need skills and experience to qualify. As a bilingual country, both English and French are the official languages. If you’re not fluent in French that’s ok, this would only be required for certain jobs in the French-speaking provinces and companies.

Find out more about working in Canada at PROSPECTS.

Working visa requirements

Most people need either a visa or an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) to travel to Canada. You will also need a social insurance number (SIN) and work permit to undertake any paid work in Canada.

Your work permit will be either an open or employer-specific permit to work in Canada. If you’re a citizen of a partner country and aged 18 to 35, you can apply to the International Experience Canada (IEC) programme to get a temporary work permit in Canada for up to two years. There are three types of experience available on the programme, depending on which country you are from. Depending which experience you embark on you will either get an open work permit or an employer-specific work permit.

• Working Holiday
• Young Professionals
• International Co-op

If you’re looking for something more permanent, such as a graduate job, your Canadian employer will need to get an LMIA (Labour Market Impact Assessment) in order to employ you. These are documents issued by Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) that confirm that the hiring of a foreign worker will not have a negative impact on the Canadian labour market.

• Visit Government Canada and  Government Canada – Types of work permits to assess your eligibility for the different schemes, permits and visas.
• The rules and regulations surrounding residency are subject to change so check with Immigration and Citizenship ensure you have the latest information.

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Job searching links

Job opportunities are often available to all and in most cases posted online, but networking often proves useful so make use of any connections you have in the country. Canadian employers will require a résumé rather than the UK standard CV and cover letter. A résumé is designed to be more concise and tailored to each job application. A writing guide, along with downloadable examples, can be found at Settlement.org.

Useful contacts:

• Canadian Embassy UK
• Expat Info Desk

Recruitment Agencies:

• style Nine to Five 
• STYLE CAREERS
• Fashion Jobs
• Creative Circle
• QHQ – Fashion, Home and FCMG Recruitment
• Hays Canada
• Prestige Recruitment
• Impact Recruitment

Job boards, newspapers and networking sites:

• CanadaJobs.com
• BUNAC Work in Canada
• Summerjobs.ca
• i-to-i
• tefl.org
• tesl.ca
• Eluta.ca (the official job search engine of the Canada’s Top 100 Employers project)
• Job Bank (a Government of Canada website)
• University Affairs: Jobs (employment opportunities at Canadian universities)
• Workopolis
• Jobboom
• The Globe and Mail 
• The National Post

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Fashion Revolution Canada
• VF Brands India Pvt Ltd – Based in Quebec.
• Forever 21 – Based in Ontario.
• URBN Brands – global consumer brands comprised of Urban Outfitters, Anthropologie, Free People, FP Movement, Anthropologie Weddings, Terrain, Menus & Venues, and Nuuly.
• DBA Apparel Group – Subsidiaries include Playtex, Wonderbra, Abanderado – Spain, Lovable – lingerie in Italy, Nur Die – hosiery in Germany, Shock Absorber – the no.1 sports bra brand and Dim – hosiery and lingerie.

Asia is home to many diverse countries. As a bonus, working in Southeast Asia is an ideal way to explore many of the unique countries across the continent. Many only need a valid passport to enter, while others require all visitors to have entry visas. The countries within this region vary in different sizes, cultures, languages, and climates. These countries include:

However, in order to reach the green mountains, golden beaches and vibrant coral reefs of ASEAN, you may have to overcome several barriers. Often, longer-term working visas will be difficult to obtain, generally needing an invitation from an employer in the relevant country, backed by the approval of a government ministry. Most international business will be conducted in English, but there can be language barriers within smaller companies.

However if you want to live and work abroad in ASEAN, shorter-term you are in luck. There are a number of countries who operate a ‘working holiday visa’ or a ‘work and holiday visa’. Both visas allow you to undertake work while you are living in a particular Asian country.

Working visa requirements

The process of obtaining visas and work permits for Southeast Asia can be bureaucratic, taking many days or even months to complete. However, unlike many other countries around the globe, Asia offers many different options to live and work in the region. Each country has its own regulations and rules for entry.

We have provided further detail on the most common countries in Southeast Asia for graduates to travel to. However, it is advisable to visit the Embassy website of the country you are wishing to travel to, to confirm and apply for the relevant visa. Read the instructions, processes, and requirements fully before accepting a job.

Malaysia:

As a popular destination with a growing number of graduates, securing a role in Malaysia may not be easy, unless you are applying for roles in sectors with skills shortages. UK nationals (and citizens of many other countries) don’t need a visa for short-stay tourist or business visits. However, you’ll need a visa and work permit to live and work in Malaysia on a long-term or permanent basis.

There are restrictions in place concerning the number of foreign employees that Malaysian companies can employ. Companies can only recruit international workers if there are no qualified Malaysians to fill the position. Once you have a job offer, the firm in question must then apply to the Immigration Department of Malaysia for one of their work permits:

• an employment pass
• a professional visit pass
• a temporary employment pass.

Each type of pass has its own criteria for acceptance, with a number of stipulations that must be met in order to qualify. Find out more about working in Malaysia at PROSPECTS.

Singapore:

Singapore remains an open and diverse society that attracts many graduate international workers. It offers many policies and initiatives to make it easier for international talent to live and work in Singapore. This includes a working holiday visa scheme for those aged 18–25, and the Overseas Network & Expertise Pass; which allows top talent in all sectors, e.g. business, arts and culture, sports, academia and research, to live there without securing employment first.

Alternatively, those looking to work in Singapore should apply for an employment pass or work visa. There are several different types of employment passes available depending on your circumstances and level of skill, so it is important to research which would best suit you. Types of pass include:

• Employment Pass – for foreign professionals, managers and executives.
• EntrePass – for foreign entrepreneurs wanting to start a business.
• Personalised Employment Pass – for high earners.
• Work Permit for Migrant Worker – for semi-skilled international workers.
• Work Permit for Foreign Domestic Workers
• Work Permit for a Performing Artiste
• S Pass – for mid-level skilled workers.
• Training Employment Pass – for foreign professionals undergoing practical training.
• Work Holiday Pass – for students and graduates aged between 18-25 who want to work and holiday in Singapore for six months.
• Miscellaneous Work Pass – for those taking on a short-term work assignment of up to 60 days.

For more information about passes and eligibility criteria, visit the Ministry of Manpower (MOM). Find out more about working in Singapore at PROSPECTS.

Thailand:

Finding work as an expat in Thailand can be challenging, as many jobs are legally prohibited for foreigners. Moreover, many smaller companies don’t want to jump through all the loopholes to secure the required visa and work permit to hire international workers. The government is currently emphasising growth of the digital economy, so demand is growing for roles in manufacturing and trade, sales, digital marketing, information technology, and technicians.

Residents of certain countries can enter Thailand without applying for a visa beforehand and stay for 14–90 days visa-free. However, to work in Thailand, you will need a Work visa and a work permit before taking up employment. To secure a work permit in Thailand, a foreigner needs an initial visa, which is a non-immigrant visa. The non-immigrant visa must be obtained before entering Thailand. There are four main types of work visas for Thailand, but the two most relevant to international graduates are:

• Non-immigrant visas – this subcategory includes the standard employment visa for work and business.
• Smart visa – a new permit for executives and entrepreneurs.

You will generally need a job offer or letter of approval/invitation from a licensed Thai business or organisation to apply for one of these visas. Additionally, you’ll need evidence of the necessary skills and experience for the position. Typically, your employer submits an initial permit application to the Ministry of Labour to get approval for the work visa. One of you will then need to apply to the MoL to pick up the work permit once you arrive in Thailand, within 90 days of arriving.

Find out more about working in Thailand at Expatica.

Vietnam:

As the country’s economy grows, many Vietnamese industries are looking to hire skilled foreign workers. However it can be tricky to find a job, as the company hiring them must prove you are more qualified a than Vietnamese candidate. You must also be able to prove that you have the necessary professional experience for your life in Vietnam.

To begin working in Vietnam you need to secure a work visa. To get a working visa, you must first be able to prove that you’re:

• over 18 years old
• have a job offer in Vietnam
• are in good health
• have no criminal record

You  must submit your documents to the ministry at least two weeks prior to the beginning of employment. This work permit will be valid for two years. Vietnamese immigration laws are quite strict and there a number of hurdles you will need to clear before you can apply for residency. To be living in Vietnam legally, there are three levels of application you will need to make:

• A working visa
• Temporary residency permit
• Permanent residency permit

Find out more about working in Vietnam at MOVETOASIA.

Embassy websites:

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Provides advice on risks of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for countries in Southeast Asia, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the relevant Embassies, High Commissions or Consulates.

Job searching links

The easiest way to secure a job is to find a position within an international company in your home country and then get transferred to its Asian offices. You can apply for job across Southeast Asia online, however make sure to read the application instructions carefully. Countries will have different processes and application styles.

You should also consider networking with people in your field who currently live and work in your desired country. This can be a great way to learn more about the job market and to get your foot in the door with potential employers. Registering with recruitment agencies is another good way to find job openings in the country. Initial interviews may be held over phone or video and some companies may require you to attend an assessment centre in person.

Recruitment Agencies:

• Hays – an international recruitment firm with a presence in Thailand
• JAC Recruitment – an international agency that focuses on finding jobs for mid to senior-level professionals
• Michael Page – an international recruitment agency with a presence in Bangkok (กรุงเทพฯ)
• Pure Search Recruitment – an agency based in Bangkok
• Recruitdee – based in Bangkok, specializes in IT recruitment
• Reeracoen – is an Asia-wide recruitment agency with an office in Thailand
• Robert Walters – an agency with a focus on jobs in Southeast Asia

Job boards and networking sites:

• The Straits Times
• The New Straits Times
• The Star
• The Daily Express
• Adzuna
• Careers@Gov
• GradConnection Singapore
• GradSingapore
• Jobcentral
• Jobstreet
• Gradmalaysia
• Indeed – Malaysia
• JobMalaysia
• JobStreet Malaysia
• Jora Malaysia
• JobsDB
• JobThai
• LinkedIn Jobs
• Monster
• British Council Thailand
• Impactpool
• Thai NGO
• VietnamWorks

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Microsoft – Advertises jobs in Thailand on their careers site.
• Bluebell Group – Omni-brand curator, operator and distributor. Partner of choice across Asia for luxury, premium and lifestyle brands.
• Central Group – Owns Central Department Store, Robinson Department Store and Zen, as well as managing Marks & Spencer and MUJI.
• The Mall Group – Operates The Mall department stores, Siam Paragon, The Emporium, and The EmQuartier.
• Valiram – Retail specialist with presence in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong, Macau and Vietnam. Headquarters in Kuala Lumpur.
• GMG – A wellbeing company operating brands across sports, health and beauty sectors. It has a portfolio of more than 500 GMG Sports stores, for example JD Sports.
• Eclat Media Group – Sports and entertainment industry.
• Sungjoo Group – Import and Export Global fashion business with offices in Singapore.
• Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail Ltd – Forever21, Louis Philippe, Van Heusen, Reebok, Galeries Lafyette, India Pantaloon, Hackett London, American Eagle and Christian Louboutin.
• Tata Group – Inditex Group Zara, Fashion Westside, Trent, Titan Jewellery, Tanishq Jewellery
• Vogue Singapore
• The Far East Film Festival
• L’OREAL APAC
• PUMA – Offices in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.
• IBM Asia Pacific – Offices in Singapore.

Useful Links

• Expat Info Desk
• Go Overseas
• AIESEC UK – for students and recent graduates
• MOVETOASIA
• World Travel Guide: Asia

To succeed in these vibrant nations rich in history and culture, you need a structured strategy for your professional development. The Middle East is a loosely defined geographic region; with countries forming part of Asian, African and European landmasses. The countries within this region vary in different sizes, cultures, languages, and climates. These countries include:

You must plan thoroughly before deciding to visit any Middle East country as the cultures can be significantly different to the UK. It is important to be respectful of local laws and customs, and there are often severe penalties for breaking these laws. Major languages include Arabic, Hindi, Persian, Urdu and English. English is widely spoken by locals and is also the language of business in almost all middle east countries.

Working visa requirements

Visa procedures in countries of the Middle East may be more complicated than in other countries. For example, some Arabic countries do not give visas to people that have travelled to certain areas, some will only allow you an entry visa at the airport, and many require you to have a sponsor (your employer) to access working visas and resident permits – the protocols are different depending on where you go and your current citizenship!

You cannot work (paid or unpaid) on a visit or tourist visa. Finding the right visa is vital to ensuring your long-term relocation. Each country within the Middle East has various visa requirements, for example certifying your qualifications, attending a medical examination and/or undergoing a police clearance check. Most of the additional costs involved in these procedures are to be paid by you. 

We have provided further detail on the most common countries in the Middle East for graduates to travel to. However, it is advisable to visit the Embassy website of the country you are wishing to travel to, to confirm and apply for the relevant visa. Read the instructions, instruction, processes, and requirements fully before accepting a job.

Cyprus:

Cyprus is divided into the Greek population in the south and Turkish population in the north. One of it’s major industries is textiles and the main business language is English. However, a majority of employers find some knowledge of Greek desirable, and Turkish in northern areas. Finding work can be difficult for foreigners as you’ll compete against locals for jobs.

EU citizens don’t need a visa to enter or work in Cyprus, but those staying for more than three months will need to apply for a registration certificate. For non-EU citizens, one-year long-stay visas are the main option for those seeking employment. They must be backed up by letters from your employer – or from an accountant or solicitor, if you are self-employed. You’ll also need to apply for an Alien Registration Card (ARC) and a social security number. Apply for these immediately upon arrival.

• GOV.UK – Travel to Cyprus for work 
• Civil Registry and Migration Department

Find out more about working in Cyprus at PROSPECTS.

Saudi Arabia:

There are different types of visa, including a tourist visa, but you will need an employment visa if you want to work in Saudi Arabia. There are opportunities, but it is not easy to get a job there straight after university. You will also find it difficult to secure a job that could be filled by a citizen of Saudi Arabia. Most jobs will be found in Riyadh, the capital city, or Jeddah, the second-largest city.

UK graduates may find it easier to secure jobs with international companies that have offices in the country. These include: BAE Systems, Cisco, EY, IBM, J.P. Morgan, Nestle, Procter & Gamble, PwC, Schlumberger and Siemens.

• You will need to get a job offer before you arrive in Saudi Arabia, as you cannot get a work visa without one and your sponsor (your employer) has to apply for the visa on your behalf.
• You will get your employment contract in both Arabic (the official contract) and English (the translation), so it is worth getting somebody who can read Arabic to check that it is all OK.
• Your passport needs to be valid for a minimum of six months from the date of entry into Saudi Arabia in order for you to be granted a visa. You will be refused a visa if your passport indicates that you have been to Israel recently or if it is your place of birth.

Find out more about working in Saudi Arabia at Target Jobs.

The United Arab Emirates (UAE):

The UAE is made up of seven Emirates including Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The UAE has developed a business culture that is more entrepreneurial than most of the countries in the Middle East, with growth in the finance, commerce, industry, tourism and entertainment sectors.

Dubai is the most westernised of all the Middle East hubs. Its three million inhabitants come from all parts of the world and represent all social groups and ages.

Robert Walters, ‘Where you can work in the Middle East’

All UK nationals are eligible for a visa on arrival in the UAE for general travel, which allows you to stay in the country for 30 days. You can then extend your visa for another 30 days, three days before its expiry date. However, if you want to work in the UAE, you will need to be sponsored by an employer. You cannot work on a visit or tourist visa!

Once you have accepted a job offer, your employer will apply for a residency visa on your behalf. Once you have a residency visa, you will be able to obtain a work permit from the Ministry of Labour.

Find out more about working in the UAE at PROSPECTS.

Turkey:

Turkey is rapidly becoming known as a global manufacturing hub, drawing workers with an international business perspective. However, the government restricts foreign worker recruitment in certain professions, for example, law and medicine. Despite the low cost of living, most graduate salaries in Turkey only cover basic living costs.

UK citizens do not need a visa to enter Turkey for stays of up to 90 days in any 180 days. This applies to tourism and business visits. However, your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond the date of your departure from Turkey. If you plan to stay in Turkey for longer than 90 days, you must apply for a longer-stay visa before you travel or obtain a residence permit before your 90-day stay expires. There are several types of work permits depending on the type of work you do, but it is most common for employers to apply for work permits on behalf of foreign workers for specific positions.

To apply for a work permit from the UK, you must first submit a pre-application for a visa and then attend an in-person application appointment at your local Turkish consulate or embassy. Your employer will then submit your visa application to the Turkish Ministry of Labour and Social Security within ten days. Within a month of your arrival in Turkey, you must register with your local police department to obtain a residence permit for your stay.

• Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs visa information for foreigners
• Republic of Turkey Consular Procedure

Find out more about working in Turkey at PROSPECTS.

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for the Middle East, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the Hong Kong Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Job searching links

Networking is often essential to securing jobs in the Middle East. Attend professional events and connect with people in your industry on LinkedIn. Join industry-specific groups to stay up to date on the latest news and trends. Speculative applications are not unwelcome, but securing a job through this method often relies on strong personal contacts.

Many people find jobs through international companies in their home countries. If possible, it is best to try to secure work before making the move with positions normally advertised via recruitment agencies or online. While it may be unusual practice in your own country, don’t be surprised to find job adverts specifically asking for a particular gender, age, or nationality.

Recruitment Agencies:

• Hays – Retail, Fashion  
• Hunted – Consultancy  
• Michael Page – Banking & Financial, Digital Engineering & Manufacturing, Finance, Supply Chain, Retail, Sales, Technology. 
• Global Retail Recruitment – Retail & consumer goods; Digital, Buying, Operations, Merchandising, Supply Chain, Logistics, Distribution, HR, Finance, Design, IT 
• RHR– International Recruitment  
• BAC Middle East (recruitment consultancy in Dubai)
• Robert Half

Job boards and networking sites:

• Gulf Talent – Commercial, Fashion, Retail, Digital, Marketing  
• Retailchoice – Fashion, Retail UAE  
• Monster Gulf – Commercial Businesses  
• Career jet – Filming, Production, 3D Effects, Studio set up, Videographer
• Al Jazeera – Media Network 
• Akhtaboot – Education, Project management, IT, administration, Marketing, Sales, Operations, Sales
• BAC Middle East
• Dubizzle –
• Indeed UAE – Contract, Permanent, Temporary, Internships 
• Naukrigulf.com – Sales, Retail, IT, HR/relations, Finance, Management
• Bayt – Job board for Administration, Hospitality, HR, Marketing, PR, Sales, Technical, Teaching 
• FounditGulf
• Laimoon
• Ras Al Khaimah Government job portal (government jobs)
• Abu Dhabi Government job portal
• Dubai Careers – Dubai Government job portal
• Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry
• Cyprus jobs
• Euro jobs
• Expat.com
• iSKUR

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Azadea – Head office Dubai, brands for example: Berksha, Gap, Kiko Milano, Mango, Miss Guided, Jules, Boogi Milano 
• M.H Alshaya – Head Office in Kuwait, operations offices across the Middle East, brands for example: H&M, Victoria Secret, COS, Milano, Muji, Foot Locker, Justice, Jack Wills, El Ganso, Chloe 
• Al Tayer Group – Head office in Dubai, operation offices across the Middle East, brands for example: Bloomingdales, Harvey Nichols, Armani, Coach, Dolce & Gabbana, Brunello Cucinelli, Moschino, Roger Vivier Paris, Bobby Brown, Aveda, Laura Mercier, Bulgari 
• Majid al Futtaim – Head Office in Dubai, operations offices across the Middle East, brands for example: Abercrombie & Fitch, AllSaints, Crate & Barrel, Maisons Du Monde, Lululemon, Hollister, Accessorize, Monsoon 
• Landmark Group – Head Office in Dubai, operation offices across the Middle East, brands for example: Lipsy London, Carpisa, Ecco, Kurt Geiger, Steve Madden, 50 own brands like Splash, Lifestyle, Baby shop, Centrepoint
• Chaloub Group – Head Office in Dubai, brands for example: Carolina Herrera, Fendi, Dior, Lacoste, Hackett London, L’Occitane, Swarovski, Tangara, Sephora Christofile Paris, Chaumet Paris, Celine Baccarat, Wojooh 

Useful Links

• Prospects UAE 
• Expatriate Information Desk
• INTESOL Worldwide
• Love TEFL
• Teach Away in Abu Dhabi

UK citizens can visit Hong Kong for up to 180 days visa free. However if your aim is to work in Hong Kong, the minimum requirements usually include: a degree or technical qualification, proven work experience in the field, an offer of employment and the level of financial support required to sustain life in Hong Kong.

English is widely spoken. However, a grasp of Cantonese is a definite bonus for those seeking to live and work in Hong Kong, as is knowledge of Mandarin Chinese. Local companies usually require their employees speak the local languages, but more internationally-oriented enterprises are open to non-native speakers.

Working visa requirements

There are various schemes under the working visa which allow non-residential individuals to work in Hong Kong. Hong Kong visa requirements can be tough. It is not a point-based system and there is no medical exam, but you will need to demonstrate that you are well-qualified for the job and that it could not be done by a local. For those staying longer than six months, you will need to apply for a Hong Kong ID card within 30 days of arriving.

Working Holiday Scheme:

If you are aged between 18 and 30 and hold a valid national passport of Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, the Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Sweden or the United Kingdom, you may apply for a Working Holiday visa. These visas’ offer up to one year in the country and are available to 1,000 people from the UK each year. Please visit Hong Kong’s Immigration Department website to research what requirements are needed to apply.  

Working visas:

If you move to Hong Kong for job-related reasons, you need to apply for a work visa under the General Employment Policy (GEP). You can submit your Hong Kong work visa application form by mailing it or by presenting the documents in person. A visa under the GEP scheme is usually issued only for a specified period of time. In order to be eligible, you must already have a confirmed job offer as you need someone to sponsor you. Additionally, there are other employment schemes for citizens from the Mainland China, foreign domestic helpers, and low-skilled workers.

• Visa for Hong Kong – Instructions to process your visa application. Please read the instruction, processes, and requirements
• InterNations visas and permits information – A Guide to Visa Types and Work Permits in Hong Kong

Immigration Arrangements for Non-Local Graduates:

Non-local graduates are classified as non-local ‘fresh graduates’ and can apply for a (IANG) as long as they submit an application within 6 months of graduation. Non-local fresh graduates who wish to apply to stay and work are not required to have secured an offer of employment upon application, provided that normal immigration requirements are met. 

Quality Migrant Admission Scheme:

A great opportunity for expats of certain professions to relocate to Hong Kong. It offers 1,000 slots to IT, financial, legal, and creative professionals who do not need an existing job offer to be eligible for the visa.

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for Hong Kong, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the Hong Kong Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Job searching links

Networking is very important in Hong Kong and it can lead you to a great job opportunity. Start off by searching social media for networking events near you; you can attend seminars related to your field, or join meetup groups, like InterNations. Bring some business cards with you as those are very important in Hong Kong and be prepared to sell yourself.

Useful contacts:

• The Hong Kong Embassy
• Prospect Hong Kong 
• Expatriate Information Desk

Recruitment Agencies:

• Page Personnel Hong Kong Recruitment – Digital, Finance, HR, Marketing 
• BeThe1 – Luxury Retail recruitment – Fashion, Branding, Buying & Merchandising  
• JPS Texson Ltd – Commercial Recruitment  
• Flex Recruitment HK– Retail, Manufacturing, Technology, Garment Manufacturing  

Job boards, newspapers and networking sites:

• HKjobsDB.com – Graduate Jobs 
• HKfashionjobs.com – Retail, Design, B&M, Digital  
• Business of Fashion – Retail, Analyst, HR, Marketing, Social Media  
• Glassdoor – Graduate job board opportunities 
• Hongkong recruit.net – Fashion/lifestyle job board opportunities  
• HK Arts Festival – Community of arts, Theatre, Music events  
• HK indeed.com – Film, Production, Editor  
• The South China Morning Post
• The Standard

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• ADC Arts Space HK 
• Next Sourcing – Hong Kong
• Disneycareers
• Angus Tsui 
• Li & Fung
• ImagineX Group
• Lane Crawford
• Fashion Retailing HK
• Fairton
• Trendy Global Group
• Hengdeli Holdings Limited
• Tencent -social media
• The Far East Film Festival
• easternkicks.com 

Useful links

• GovHK: Employment in Hong Kong (Residents)
• GovHK: Employment in Hong Kong (Non-Residents)

Working in China gives the great chance to experience a completely different culture to those overseas. There is a relatively low cost of living across China, however life in major cities can be much more expensive.

It is advisable to learn some Mandarin before making the move, as knowing their primary language will boost your chances of success when looking for work. Having some knowledge of Mandarin can go a long way. Find out more about working in China at PROSPECTS.

Working visa requirements

To be eligible to enter mainland China for either work or leisure purposes, you’ll require a visa. You’ll also need to ensure that your passport has an expiry date that’s at least six months after the date you’ll arrive in the country, plus two blank pages for visas and stamping.

It’s illegal to work if you’re in China on a study visa (F visa) or tourist visa (L visa), so if you find employment during this time, you’ll need to change visa type. Be aware that the nature of the work will affect the type of visa you need to apply for!

Working visa:

To work in China, you’ll need a Z visa and an official invitation to the country by an employer. After graduating you can apply for a Z visa (also known as a work visa) at your local Chinese embassy or by visiting the Chinese Visa Application Service Centre. This requires a minimum of two years of work experience. In some cases, there are exceptions, such as ​​teaching in China, which recruits English teachers across 12 programs per month. 

If you apply for a Z visa and are staying longer than 6 months, you need to apply for a resident’s permit. To acquire a work visa or residence permit, you may need to prove that you haven’t got a criminal record.

• Documents for Working Visa Application: Is a list of all documents that you need to process as a requirement of a Z visa. 

Visaforchina:

Offers instructions on the process your visa application. Please read the instructions, processes, and requirements.  

Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the United Kingdom:

For more information on applying for visas and the different requirements.

Foreign Commonwealth office (UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for China, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the Chinese Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Job searching links

There are many ways to secure work in China, but one of the easiest for international job searchers is through transfer from another international company. Job boards and recruitment agencies are also popular with employers. However, as in many countries, not all vacancies are formally advertised. Networking is extremely important and any personal contacts could be very useful during your job hunt.

Useful contacts:

• The Chinese Embassy
• Prospect China 
• Expatriate Information Desk

Recruitment Agencies:

• Talents Spot Group– Luxury Fashion & Retail, PR, Marketing, HR, Branding  
• Intachina– Teaching jobs in China  
• Hudson – Sales, Marketing, Commercial, Risk Management  
• Michael Page – Retail, Marketing, Sales, Manufacturing, Supply Chain, Hospitality  
• Marketing To China – Media, Social Media, Advertising, Branding, Media Buying  

Job boards and networking sites:

• Business of Fashion – Graduate job board opportunities  
• CareerJet-Permanent, Contract, Freelance, Retail  
• JobsDB – Permanent, contract for Retail, HR, Finance, Marketing, PR, Design, Ecommerce  
• Fashion United China  – Paid Internships, Fashion and Retail  
• China Expat Jobs – Permanent, contract opportunities  
• Glassdoor – Graduate job board opportunities 
• Chinese Arts Now – Networking site for Theatre Industry in China  
• National Theatre Company of China – Networking Theatre, Film, Production
• Beijing Poly Theatre Management – Theatre, performance, arts
• Chinajob.com
• eChinacities.com
• HiredChina.com
• Reed – Jobs in China
• The Guardian Jobs – China

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• HylinkEurope
• Secco- Luxury Brands
• Alibaba Group
• Synyang, 
• Gusto – Luxury agency
• Jing Daily – journalism
• Bosideng
• Urban Revivo
• Peacebird
• Ochirly
• Hub of China- trends consultancy
• Daxue Consultancy China
• Dragon Sourcing
• IMEX sourcing – digital
• China Film Group Corporation 
• CCTV.com
• China Media Group

It’s best to find work before travelling to South Korea, to ensure that you’ll get a suitable visa. It’s not essential to be fluent in Korean but learning some before you travel will help you to communicate with local people and will show recruiters that you are dedicated to working in South Korea. Find out more about working in South Korea at Target Jobs.

Working visa requirements

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Highlights the most common types of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for South Korea, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the South Korean Embassy in the UK.

Visa for South Korea:

Instructions to process your visa application. Please read the instruction, processes, and requirements.  

Alien Registration Card (ARC):

Most people that stay in South Korea for over 90 days need to get their Alien Registration Card (ARC), as a personal identification card. With this card you will get a Resident Registration Number that is necessary when opening a bank account or registering at the local medical practice. It is illegal to stay in Korea for more than 90 days without being registered, regardless of your visa at entry.

Working Visa Teaching:

To get a visa to teach English in South Korea, you must have a 3-year university degree, a TEFL qualification alone is not sufficient. If you are found to have obtained a teaching visa by deception, you will be detained and deported. The work permit visa alone has at least eight different categories, all dependent on what type of skilled worker you are. You can also start a business here and immigrate under a self-employment visa, which are available for expats looking for both temporary and permanent residence permits in South Korea.

• E-1 – Professor Visa (Education) Hold a valid passport from one of the following countries: CAN, USA, UK, AUS, NZ, IR, SA and must have an employer who is willing to hire/sponsor your stay.
• E2 Visa – (The standard ‘English Teaching Visa’ for westerners)
• E-3 Research
• E-4 Technological Guidance
• E5 Visa Korea – Professional Employee
• E-6 Culture and Art
• E-7 Specially Designed Activities/General visa 
• D-5 Long-Term New Coverage
• H1 Visa Korea – 12 month working holiday Visa

Job searching links

A university degree is the basic requirement for many job opportunities for foreigners in South Korea. You will need to have your UK degree documentation stamped by the Legalisation Office, for it to be recognised in South Korea.

Similarly to the UK, some companies require a CV and covering letter (known as a self-introduction letter) while others have an application form. South Korean CVs tend to be quite concise, made up of key words rather than sentences. You’ll typically be expected to attach a photo of yourself. Application forms for multinational companies may be in English, but don’t assume this is always the case. Networking and making contacts are also useful for job hunting in South Korea.

Useful contacts:

• Korea Embassy, 60 Buckingham Gate, Westminster, London SW1E 6AJ, Tel: 020 7227 500 
• Prospect South Korea
• Expatriate Info Desk 
• InterNations Go – A comprehensive guide to relating to South Korea  

Recruitment Agencies:

• Go2Korea – Recruitment services if you are interested in Teaching 
• AIMS International – Finance, Industrial, Media & technology, Talent Management 
• Christian Bassett Fashion Recruitment – Luxury Fashion & Retail, PR, Marketing, HR, Branding  
• Reed Recruitment – Finance, Engineering, HR, Supply Chain, Sales & Marketing, Technology
• Robert Walters Recruitment – Supply Chain, IT, Retail, Sales, Marketing, finance 

Job boards and networking sites:

• Jobkorea – Job board for management, Marketing, IT, design, Education, Media, Product Manufacturing  
• Peoplenjob – Job board commercial, Lifestyle  
• InterNations – Global networking site  
• Target Jobs South Korea – Information to relocate with list of job boards
• Seoul Global Centre – Job board on commercial businesses  
• Business of Fashion – Head office opportunities, managerial level  
• EPIK – English Programme in Korea for Teaching 

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Korean Film Council – Film, Theatre, production
• Rare Market – Popular Korean fashion brand
• Philippe Company – Fashion Franchisee, Apostrophe, Cerruti 1881 Femme, Jonak Paris, Les Petites Paris, Marie Claire, Vicomete A, Peter Jensen, Rodier.
• Eclat Media Group – Sports and entertainment industry
• Sungjoo Group – Import and Export Global fashion business
• Shinsegae Franchisee – FMCG, Commercial, Hospitality
• Samsung – Electronics and accessories
• Lotte Departmental Store – Korean’s fashion retail departmental store
• Samsung Fashion – Fashion franchisee, AMI, Beanpole, Colombo, Issey Miyake, MVIO, Rag & Bone, Theory, Valextra
• Amore Pacific Group – Beauty and cosmetics franchisee, Amore Pacific, Amos Professionals, Laneige, Mamonde, Hera, Hanyul, Ossulloc
• Yestyle – Korean online retail with popular fashion and beauty brands.

As the fifth fastest growing economy in the world, India’s expanding consumer market and increasing digitisation have created a thriving startup scene. India can offer a wealth of opportunities for workers.

With English as a primary business language, the mix of traditions, world-renowned cuisine, and natural beauty, make India captivating. Find out more about working in India at PROSPECTS.

Most jobs in India are in the major northern cities of New Delhi and Mumbai, the country’s political capital and financial centre, respectively. However, the southern megacity of Bengaluru is a hub for high-tech jobs, while coastal tourist hotspots like Goa in the west offer many opportunities in the arts, retail, and hospitality sectors.

PROSPECTS, ‘Work in India’, updated in October 2023

Working visa requirements

Foreign Commonwealth office (from UK):

Provides advice on risks of travel and reflects the UK government’s understanding of rules currently in place. This information is for travellers using a full ‘British Citizen’ passport. If you are unclear about any aspect of the entry requirements for India, or you need further assistance, you need to contact the India Embassy, High Commission or Consulate.

Migration and Mobility Partnership:

A scheme where young British professionals (aged 18-30) can obtain a two-year visa to work in India, with Indian professionals able to do the same in the UK.

Working Visa:

As India’s economy continues to grow, graduate employment opportunities are rising. India issues various types of visas, including transit visas and e-visas (only applicable for UK passport holders). Make sure you get the right one for your purpose and duration of stay.

To work in India, you will typically need an Employment Visa (E) and a work permit. You can apply for these independently if you are a qualified professional, but your future employer will usually arrange the appropriate documentation on your behalf. However, if you apply yourself, you will need a letter from your employer and/or financial sponsor.

If you enter India on the wrong visa, you could be detained on arrival and may be deported and blacklisted, preventing you from entering India again. For full information on Indian visas and immigration for UK nationals, visit the High Commission of India in the UK .

Bureau of Immigration:

Explore what it takes to work in India for at least a year by visiting the Bureau of Immigration.The Citizens of India as well as foreigners are required to obtain Immigration clearance both at the time of arrival as well as departure to/from India.

Job searching links

Securing employment in India is much easier when you’re already in the country, as vacancies are often found through networking and personal referrals. However, you can also find jobs through Indian job websites, international recruitment agencies and national newspapers.

Useful contacts:

• India Embassy in UK, India House, London WC2B 4NA, Tel: 020 7836 8484 
• Prospects India 
• Expatriate Information Desk

Recruitment Agencies:

• Ajeets – Retail & FMCG Departmental Recruitment
• 7 Consultancy India – HR, Recruitment Consultancy firms
• A.R Placements – High street Retail, Luxury Retail, service oriented organisations
• Ormax Media– Consultancy firm specialising in Film/TV, Media
• Adecco India
• Alliance
• itForte
• Placement India
• Randstad India

Job boards and networking sites:

• Naukri.com – Jobs in India – Popular job board site in India, direct vacancies advertised by companies
• Adzuna – Job board for Commercial, Administration, Creative & Design, Consultancy, graduate opportunities
• ClickIndia – Job board commercial A-Z list of industry sectors.
• Indeed India – Job board commercial, Retail, Fashion Designer, Digital, Creative, Illustrator, Photographer
• Monster India – NEW section of job vacancies working from home
• Shine.com – Job board site direct vacancies advertised by companies
• Teach India – English speaking teachers can easily find voluntary work at international schools in India
• Glassdoor India – Job board brands, Creative, Digital, Retail

International Brands with Franchisee Companies: 

• Reliance Brands – Armani Exchange, Burberry, Bally, Bottega Veneta, Brooks Brothers, Canali, Cherokee Global Brands, Dolce & Gabanna, Diesel, Dune London, Emporio Amani, Hugo Boss, Jimmy Choo, Marks & Spencer London, Thomas Pink, Steve Madden, Tiffany & Co, Pottery Barn US
• Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail Ltd – Forever21, Louis Philippe, Van Heusen, Allen Solly and Peter England, India Pantaloon, Hackett London, American Eagle
• Tata Group – Inditex Group Zara, Fashion Westside, Trent, Titan Jewellery, Tanishq Jewellery
• Raymond Group – Raymond, Park Avenue, Colourplus, Parx Ethnix 

India Brands and International Companies: 

• Indian Brands – Nykaa, Unileaver India, Shopper Stop , Wellspun India
• Publication –   Vogue india, Grazia India, Telegraph India, Fortune India, Ogaan Publications India, Elle, Elle Décor, The India Today Group
• Fashion Filming –  Viacom India Video Agency, Krisha Studio, Moshi Moshi, Fashot, ZCYPHHER